A fire fighting building drawing (or fire protection plan/fire strategy drawing) is a detailed schematic representation of all the fire safety systems, equipment, and escape routes within a building. These technical drawings are crucial for the installation, maintenance, insp
ection, and effective use of fire safety measures, and they must comply with national and international codes (like NFPA or local authority guidelines)
Key Components Shown on the Drawings
Fire fighting drawings superimpose a range of fire safety elements onto the building’s architectural floor plans using standardized symbols and legends
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- Fire Detection and Alarm Systems: Locations of smoke detectors, heat detectors, manual call points (manual pull stations), and alarm sounders/panels.
- Fire Suppression Systems: Details of pipe networks, sprinkler heads, control valves, standpipes, and hose stations. This includes specifications for water, foam, powder, or gas-based systems.
- Firefighting Equipment: Locations of portable fire extinguishers, fire hose
reels/cabinets, and fire blankets. - External Water Supply: Placement of external fire hydrants, fire department connections (FDC), fire pumps, and water storage tanks.
- Passive Fire Protection: Annotations for fire-resistant walls, fire doors, and partitions that create fire compartments to slow the spread of fire and smoke
- Means of Escape: Clearly marked escape routes, emergency exits, fire-resistant staircases, assembly points, and emergency lighting/signage.
Standards and Symbols
Drawings use a universal set of graphical symbols and abbreviations to ensure clarity and consistency for all professionals involved.
- Standards: Designs must adhere to relevant local and international standards such as NFPA codes, Indian Standards (e.g., IS 12407), or British Standards (e.g., BS 1635).
- Symbols: Specific symbols (e.g., a triangle for portable extinguishers, a semi-circle for a hose reel) represent different types of equipment, with additional elements indicating the extinguishing agent (water, foam, etc.) and activation method (manual or automatic).
- Legend: Every drawing must include a clear legend that explains the meaning of all symbols and color coding used.
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PurposeThe primary purpose of these drawings is to:
- Ensure the safety of building occupants and protect property.
- Provide clear instructions for occupants during an emergency evacuation.
fire drawing - Guide fire service access and operations in the event of a fire.
- Facilitate regulatory approval and compliance with building codes and safety regulations
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